Solar Radiation Estimation from Rainfall and Temperature Data in Arid and Semi-arid Climates of Iran
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Abstract:
Precipitation and air temperature data, only, are often recorded at meteorological stations, with radiation beingmeasured at very few weather stations, especially in developing countries. Therefore there arises a need for suitablemodels to estimate solar radiation for a completion of data sets. This paper is about an evaluation of eight models foran estimation of daily solar radiation (Q) from commonly measured variables in six synoptic stations of Iran, namely:Mashhad, Kerman, Tabriz, Esfehan, Hamedan and Zanjan using daily rainfall and temperature data for a duration ofthree years of 2000, 2001 and 2002. These stations represent several arid and semiarid sub-climates of Iran as basedon extended-De Martonne climatic classification (semiarid-cold: Mashhad and Tabriz, arid-cold: Esfehan, Kerman,semiarid-extracold: Hamedan and Zanjan). The STATISTICA (ver. 6.0) software was employed for non-linearmultivariate regression. The results indicated that most of the models overestimated in lower values of solar radiationwhile underestimating in the higher ranges, indicating a systematic error. Performance of the models was evaluatedbased on the Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) as well as R2. RMSE ranged from 1.14 to 7.76 Cal cm-2min-1 for thewhole data range and in all the six stations. Among the eight models, the Richardson model rendered the bestagreement with the measured data in Kerman and Zanjan stations. In case of Hamedan station, Bristow and Campbellmodel was the most suitable. As for Tabriz station, De Jong and Stewart model using rainfall and range of dailytemperature data led to the best performance. In Mashhad station, McCaskill equation can be recommended. Analysisof the data in Esfehan station showed no significant difference among the models. Due to variation in equations'performances, to come to valid conclusions and to choose the most suitable radiation models, further study would berequired from other climatic regions the country.
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Journal title
volume 14 issue 2
pages 141- 150
publication date 2009-12-01
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